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PDF ( 数据手册 , 数据表 ) VV6404C001-B2

零件编号 VV6404C001-B2
描述 Mono and Colour Digital Video CMOS Image Sensors
制造商 STMicroelectronics
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VV6404C001-B2 数据手册, 描述, 功能
VV5404 & VV6404
®
Mono and Colour Digital Video CMOS Image Sensors
DESCRIPTION
VV5404 and VV6404 are highly integrated CMOS VLSI
sensors which enables high standards of performance and
image quality at a very cost-effective price point. The 356 x
292 monochrome device offers one of the simplest routes
currently available to design-in of imaging applications, while
the colour device is ideal for low cost PC camera applications.
Both devices incorporate a comprehensive range of on-board
controls eliminating the need for additional support chips. On-
chip A/D conversion provides 8 bit digital output and the
device set up is fully automatic via the built-in automatic black
level calibration algorithm.
Exposure and gain settings are programmable and operation
is controlled via a serial interface.
This sensors offer variable frame rates of up to 30 frames per
second and a 4 wire digital video bus. The digital interface
also provides a tri-stateable data qualification clock and frame
synchronisation signal.
Hand-held products, in applications such as PDAs, bar code
scanning or automatic meter reading, will benefit from the low
power requirements and from the inbuilt sleep and power
down modes.
The price and performance standards introduced with the
VV5404 and VV6404 enable use of an imaging solution
where previously it may not have been practicable on cost
grounds.
BLOCK DIAGRAM
CLKI
CLKO
SIN
BLACK
CALIBRATION
IM A G E
FORMAT
EXPOSURE
R E G IS T E R S
SERIAL
IN T E R -
FACE
VERTICAL
SHIFT
R E G IS T E R
ANALOG
VOLTAGE
REFS.
PHOTO DIODE
ARRAY
SAMPLE & HOLD
HORIZONTAL SHIFT
REGISTER
OUTPUT
FORMAT
8-bit
ADC
GAIN
STAGE
SDA
SCL
D[3:0]
QCK
FST
OEB
FEATURES
• CIF Format mono or colour pixel array
• Up to 30 frames per second operation
• On-chip 8 bit analogue to digital converter
• Low power consumption
• Up to 356 x 292 pixel image size
• Automatic exposure and gain control
• Serial interface control
• Programmable exposure and gain values
• Automatic black level calibration
• 4-wire digital video bus
• Evaluation kit available
APPLICATIONS
• PC Cameras
• Biometrics
• Inspection Systems
SPECIFICATIONS
Pixel resolution 356 x 292 (CIF)
Array size
4.272mm x 3.212mm
Pixel size
12.0 µm x 11.0 µm
Min. illumination 0.1 lux
Exposure control Automatic (to 25000:1)
Gain control
Automatic (to +20dB)
Signal/Noise ratio 46dB
Supply voltage
5.0v DC +/− 5%
Supply current
<75mA
Operating
temperature
(ambient)
0oC - 40oC
(for extended temp. info please con-
tact STMicroelectronics)
Package type
48LCC
Important:
1. A colour co-processor is required to convert the VV6404 sensor’s video
data stream of raw colourised pixel data into either a CIF or QCIF for-
mat RGB or YUV colour image.
2. VV5404 and VV6404 do NOT have any form of automatic exposure
control. This must be performed externally.
CD5404-6404F-A
1/54







VV6404C001-B2 pdf, 数据表
VV5404 & VV6404
3. Exposure Control
The exposure time for a pixel and the gain of the input amplifier to the 8-bit ADC are programmable via the serial
interface. The explanation below assumes that the gain and exposure values are updated together as part of a 5 byte
serial interface auto-increment sequence.
The exposure is divided into 2 components - coarse and fine. The coarse exposure value sets the number of lines a
pixel exposes for, while the fine exposure sets the number of additional pixel clock cycles a pixel integrates for. The
sum of the two gives the overall exposure time for the pixel array.
30 fps mode: Exposure Time = (Clock Divisor) x (Coarse x 393 + Fine) x (CKI clock period)/
25 fps mode: Exposure Time = (Clock Divisor) x (Coarse x 471 + Fine) x (CKI clock period)
Value
Units
30 fps mode
Min. Max.
25 fps mode
Min. Max.
Coarse
Fine
Video Lines
0
302
0
Pixel Clocks
0
356
0
Table 3 : Coarse and Fine Exposure Ranges.
302
434
If an exposure value is loaded outwith the valid ranges listed in the above table the value is clipped to lie within the
above ranges.
Gain Code, G[2:0]
Amplifier Gain
000
1
001
2
011
4
111
8
Table 4 : Main Gain Steps.
Exposure and gain values are re-timed within the sensor to ensure that a new set of values is only applied to the
sensor array at the start of each frame. Bit 0 of the Status Register is set high when a new exposure value is written
via the serial interface but has not yet been applied to the sensor array.
There is a 1 frame latency between a new exposure value being applied to the sensor array and the results of the
new exposure value being read-out. The same latency does not exist for the gain value. To ensure that the new
exposure and gain values are aligned up correctly the sensor delays the application of the new gain value by one
frame relative to the application of the new exposure value.
To eliminate the possibility of the sensor array seeing only part of the new exposure and gain setting, if the serial
interface communications extends over a frame boundary, the internal re-timing of exposure and gain data is disabled
while writing data to any location in the Exposure page of the serial interface register map. Thus if the 5 bytes of
exposure and gain data is sent as an auto-increment sequence, it is not possible for the sensor to consume only part
of the new exposure and gain data.
CD5404-6404F-A
8/54







VV6404C001-B2 equivalent, schematic
D[3:0]
CLKI
SDA
SCL
setup0[0]
setup0[2]
Frame
Number
N
FH 9H,6H,9H,6H...
One frame of 9H & 6H data.
FH
Start of Frame Line for the 1st
frame of valid video data.
Valid Video data.
012345
SR0-SR1
SR2
SR3-SR4
SR5-SR6
SR7-SR8
“Soft-Reset” Command. At the end of the command the sensor is reset and enters low-power mode.
The sensor enters low-power mode.
“Exit Low Power Mode” Command. Powers-up analogue circuits and initiates the VM6404 sensor’s 4-frame start-up sequence
1 Frame of alternating 9H & 6H data on D[3:0] for the video processor to determine the best sampling phase for the nibble data
(D[3:0]).
4 Frames after the “Exit Low-Power mode” command, the sensor starts outputing valid video data.
Figure 9 : Resetting the VV6404 Sensor via the Serial Interface.










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