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PDF ( 数据手册 , 数据表 ) 5962-9054305MQA

零件编号 5962-9054305MQA
描述 CMOS High Performance Programmable DMA Controller
制造商 Intersil Corporation
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5962-9054305MQA 数据手册, 描述, 功能
82C237
March 1997
CMOS High Performance
Programmable DMA Controller
Features
Description
• Fully Compatible with Intersil 82C37A
- 82C237 May be Used in 8MHz and 12.5MHz 82C37A
Sockets
• Optimized for 10MHz and 12.5MHz 80C286 Systems
• Special Mode Permits 16-Bit, Zero Wait State DMA
Transfers
• High Speed Data Transfers:
- Up to 6.25MBytes/sec with 12.5MHz Clock in
Normal Mode
- Up to 12.5MBytes/sec with 12.5MHz Clock in 16-Bit
Mode
• Compatible with the NMOS 8237A
• Four Independent Maskable Channels with Autoinitial-
ization Capability
• Cascadable to any Number of Channels
• Memory-to-Memory Transfers
• Static CMOS Design Permits Low Power Operation
- ICCSB = 10µA Maximum
- ICCOP = 2mA/MHz Maximum
• Fully TTL/CMOS Compatible
• Internal Registers may be Read from Software
The 82C237 is a modified version of the 82C37A. The
82C237 is fully software and pin for pin compatible with the
82C37A but provides an additional mode for 16-bit DMA
transfers, as well as enhanced speed. Each channel may be
individually programmed for 8-bit or 16-bit data transfers.
The 82C237 controller can improve system performance by
allowing external devices to transfer data directly to or from
system memory. Memory-to-memory transfer capability is
also provided, along with a memory block initialization fea-
ture. DMA requests may be generated by either hardware or
software, and each channel is independently programmable
with a variety of features for flexible operation.
The 82C237 is designed to be used with an external address
latch, such as the 82C82, to demultiplex the most significant
8 bits of address. An additional latch is required to
temporarily store the most significant 8 bits of data if 16-bit
memory-to-memory transfers are desired. The 82C237 can
be used with industry standard microprocessors such as
80C286, 80286, 80C86, 80C88, 8086, 8088, 8085, Z80,
NSC800, 80186 and others. Multimode programmability
allows the user to select from three basic types of DMA
services, and reconfiguration under program control is
possible even with the clock to the controller stopped. Each
channel has a full 64K address and word count range, and
may be programmed to autoinitialize these registers
following DMA termination (end of process).
Ordering Information
PACKAGE
PDIP
PLCC
SBDIP
TEMPERATURE
RANGE
0oC to +70oC
-40oC to +85oC
0oC to +70oC
-40oC to +85oC
0oC to +70oC
-40oC to +85oC
-55oC to +125oC
SMD#
CLCC
SMD#
-55oC to +125oC
8MHz
CP82C237
IP82C237
CS82C237
IS82C237
CD82C237
ID82C237
MD82C237/B
5962-9054304MQA
MR82C237/B
5962-9054304MXA
12.5MHz
CP82C237-12
IP82C237-12
CS82C237-12
IS82C237-12
CD82C237-12
ID82C237-12
MD82C237-12/B
5962-9054305MQA
MR82C237-12/B
5962-9054305MXA
PKG. NO.
E40.6
E40.6
N44.65
N44.65
F40.6
F40.6
F40.6
F40.6
J44.A
J44.A
CAUTION: These devices are sensitive to electrostatic discharge; follow proper IC Handling Procedures.
http://www.intersil.com or 407-727-9207 | Copyright © Intersil Corporation 1999
4-148
File Number 2965.1







5962-9054305MQA pdf, 数据表
82C237
autoinitialize, even if the Mode register is programmed for
autoinitialization. An external EOP will autoinitialize the
channel 1 registers, if so programmed. Data comparators in
block search schemes may use the EOP input to terminate
the service when a match is found. The timing of memory-to-
memory transfers in found in Figure 13. Memory-to-memory
operations can be detected as an active AEN with no DACK
outputs.
Priority - The 82C237 has two types of priority encoding
available as software selectable options. The first is Fixed
Priority which fixes the channels in priority order based upon
the descending value of their numbers. The channel with the
lowest priority is 3 followed by 2, 1 and the highest priority
channel, 0. After the recognition of any one channel for ser-
vice, the other channels are prevented from interfering with
the service until it is completed.
The second scheme is Rotating Priority. The last channel to
get service becomes the lowest priority channel with the
others rotating accordingly. The next lower channel from the
channel serviced has highest priority on the following
request. Priority rotates every time control of the system
busses is returned to the processor.
Rotating Priority
1ST
SERVICE
Highest 0
2nd
SERVICE
2 Service
3rd
SERVICE
3 Service
1 Service
3 Request
0
Lowest 2 0 1
31 2
With Rotating Priority in a single chip DMA system, any
device requesting service is guaranteed to be recognized
after no more than three higher priority services have
occurred. This prevents any one channel from monopolizing
the system.
Regardless of which priority scheme is chosen, priority is
evaluated every time a HLDA is returned to the 82C237.
Compressed Timing - In order to achieve even greater
throughput where system characteristics permit, the 82C237
can compress the transfer time to two clock cycles. From
Figure 12 it can be seen that state S3 is used to extend the
access time of the read pulse. By removing state S3, the
read pulse width is made equal to the write pulse width and
a transfer consists only of state S2 to change the address
and state S4 to perform the read/write. S1 states will still
occur when A8-A15 need updating (see Address
Generation). Timing for compressed transfers is found in Fig-
ure 15. EOP will output in S2 if compressed timing is
selected. Compressed timing is not allowed for memory-to-
memory transfers.
Address Generation - In order to reduce pin count, the
82C237 multiplexes the eight higher order address bits on
the data lines. State S1 is used to output the higher order
address bits to an external latch from which they may be
placed on the address bus. The falling edge of Address
Strobe (ADSTB) is used to load these bits from the data
lines to the latch. Address Enable (AEN) is used to enable
the bits onto the address bus through a three-state enable.
The lower order address bits are output by the 82C237
directly. Lines A0-A7 should be connected to the address
bus. Figure 12 shows the time relationships between CLK,
AEN, ADSTB, DB0-DB7 and A0-A7.
During Block and Demand Transfer mode service, which
include multiple transfers, the addresses generated will be
sequential. For many transfers the data held in the external
address latch will remain the same. This data need only
change when a carry or borrow from A7 to A8 takes place in
the normal sequence of addresses. To save time and speed
transfers, the 82C237 executes S1 states only when
updating of A8-A15 in the latch is necessary. This means for
long services, S1 states and Address Strobes may occur
only once every 256 transfers, a savings of 255 clock cycles
for each 256 transfers.
Programming
The 82C237 will accept programming from the host
processor anytime that HLDA is inactive, and at least one
rising CLK edge has occurred after HLDA went low. It is the
responsibility of the host to assure that programming and
HLDA are mutually exclusive.
Note that a problem can occur if a DMA request occurs on
an unmasked channel while the 82C237 is being pro-
grammed. For instance, the CPU may be starting to repro-
gram the two byte Address register of channel 1 when
channel 1 receives a DMA request. If the 82C237 is enabled
(bit 2 in the Command register is 0), and channel 1 is
unmasked, a DMA service will occur after only one byte of
the Address register has been reprogrammed. This condi-
tion can be avoided by disabling the controller (setting bit 2
in the Command register) or masking the channel before
programming any of its registers. Once the programming is
complete, the controller can be enabled/unmasked.
After power-up it is suggested that all internal locations be
loaded with some known value, even if some channels are
unused. This will aid in debugging.
Register Description
Current Address Register - Each channel has a 16-bit
Current Address register. This register holds the value of the
address used during DMA transfers. The address is auto-
matically incremented or decremented by one after each
transfer and the values of the address are stored in the Cur-
rent Address register during the transfer. This register is writ-
ten or read by the microprocessor in successive 8-bit bytes.
See Figure 6 for programming information. It may also be
reinitialized by an Autoinitialize back to its original value.
Autoinitialize takes place only after an EOP. In memory-to-
memory mode, the channel 0 Current Address register can
be prevented from incrementing or decrementing by setting
the address hold bit in the Command register.
4-155







5962-9054305MQA equivalent, schematic
82C237
Figure 8 shows an application for a DMA system using the
82C237 DMA controller and the 80C286 Microprocessor.
In this application, the system clock comes from the 82C284
clock generator PCLK signal which is inverted to provide
proper READY setup and hold times to the DMA controller in
an 80C286 system. The Read and Write signals from the
DMA controller may be wired directly to the Read/Write con-
trol signals from the 82C288 Bus Controller. The octal latch
for A8-A15 from the DMA controller’s data bus is on the local
80C286 address bus so that memory chip selects may still
be generated during DMA transfers. The transceiver on A0-
A7 is controlled by AEN and is not necessary, but may be
used to drive a heavily loaded system address bus during
transfers. The data bus transceivers simply isolate the DMA
controller from the local microprocessor bus and allow pro-
gramming on the upper or lower half of the data bus.
80C286
A0-A23
D0-D15
READY
HLD
HLDA
CLK
82C288
IORC
IOWC
MRDC
MWTC
CLK
IOR
IOW
MEMR
MEMW
DECODE
CHIP SELECT
TO MEMORY/
PERIPHERALS
LATCH
A0 - A23
TRANSCEIVER
SYSTEM
BUS
D0 - D15
LATCH
STB
OE
TRANS-
CEIVER
D0-D7
VCC
TRANS-
CEIVER
TRANSCEIVER
T/R OE
AEN
MEMORY
MEMR
MEMW
MEMCS
I/O
DEVICE
DREQ
CS
IOR
IOW
DACK
82C284
CLK
PCLK
READY
AEN
ADSTB
HRQ
HLDA
CLK
READY
EOP D0-D7
82C237
DREQ 0-3
A0-A7
IOR
IOW
MEMR
MEMW
DACK 0-3
IOR
IOW
MEMR
MEMW
TO CORRESPONDING
82C288 SIGNALS AND
MEMORY/PERIPHERALS
FIGURE 8. 80C286 DMA APPLICATION
4-163










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